We conduct research on trace metal sorption by microbial and mineral surfaces, as well as on the formation and reactivity of Mn and Fe oxide minerals. Our goal is to understand the interfacial processes that determine metal mobility and bioavailability in the environment. To this end, we combine environmental chemistry and microbiology, X-ray absorption and scattering, electron microscopy, and computational geochemistry. Our molecular-scale perspective informs models of metal speciation, fate and transport in ecosystems degraded by mining, industrial activities and non-sustainable practices.