İnce Keller, İ., & Kaya Erol, N. (2020). Adaptive planning: Examining adaptation based urban policies and practices in Turkey. Planning, 30(2), 257-272. https://doi.org/10.14744/planlama.2020.26023
Natural and manmade urban changes often have negative impacts on social, economic and environmental structure of the cities, such as habitat loss, pollution, loss of common property resources, poverty, displacement of communities and unemployment. Nowadays, the impacts of urban changes have started to be seen far beyond the borders of the cities. Within this context, many scholars and decision makers interested in urban planning have started to focus on the term of adaptability to cope with urban changes that create external stresses, dangers and risks (Yamu et al, 2015; Raco et al., 2012; Rauws et al, 2016; Wendt, 2015; Jabareen, 2013; De Roo, 2015; Ahern, 2011). In this context, adaptive planning, which is defined as “creating conditions for development which support a city’s capacity to respond to changing circumstances”, is increasingly acknowledged in the planning literature (Rauws et al., 2016: 1). At national and international platforms, in order to cope with the current or unexpected impacts of urban changes such as environmental crisis linked to climate change, natural disasters and international migration flow due to the war, policies were developed in terms of adaptive planning and the adaptative capacity of the cities was aimed to be increased. In adaptive planning process different approaches are used based on the type of urban changes and to provide urban adaptation they focused on various key elements such as modelling, monitoring, simulation, learning. In this study, how the subject of urban adaptation was approached in Turkey was explained and the projects based on adaptive planning were evaluated with the aim of providing a first impression to this field. With this aim 48 projects, which are determined through searching the urban adaptive plans in Turkey, were examined in an analytical framework. Adaptation subjects, related actors and their collaboration and funding programs of the projects were examined and their adaptive planning approaches, processes and key elements that they focused on were demonstrated.