{"id":1674,"date":"2015-10-21T09:18:31","date_gmt":"2015-10-21T07:18:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wp.unil.ch\/esspace\/?p=1674"},"modified":"2015-11-02T11:01:02","modified_gmt":"2015-11-02T10:01:02","slug":"giacomo-crivelli","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wp.unil.ch\/esspace\/2015\/10\/giacomo-crivelli\/","title":{"rendered":"Giacomo Crivelli"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>?<sub>2<\/sub>-Adrenergic agonists actions on the human skeletal muscle<\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><em>Giacomo Crivelli a obtenu son Master en sciences du sport et de l\u2019\u00e9ducation physique en 2007 \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Lausanne. Il a ensuite \u00e9t\u00e9 engag\u00e9 en qualit\u00e9 d\u2019assistant-doctorant \u00e0 l\u2019Institut des sciences du sport (UNIL, SSP) o\u00f9 il s\u2019est sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 dans les m\u00e9thodes d\u2019investigations neuromusculaires. En particulier, il a explor\u00e9 les effets des ?<sub>2<\/sub>-agonistes sur la contractilit\u00e9 du muscle squelettique humain. <\/em><\/p>\n<p>Les ?<sub>2<\/sub>-agonistes sont des bronchodilatateurs qui sont prescrits pour traiter l\u2019asthme et l\u2019asthme induit par l\u2019exercice (AIE). Il est important de comprendre s\u2019il y a une utilisation ad\u00e9quate de ces m\u00e9dicaments pour traiter l\u2019AIE chez les athl\u00e8tes de haut niveau, ou s\u2019ils sont utilis\u00e9s pour leur potentiel effet ergog\u00e9nique sur la performance physique. Cette th\u00e8se examine les actions centrales et p\u00e9riph\u00e9riques sur la fonction contractile du muscle squelettique humain <em>in vivo<\/em>, induites par l\u2019ingestion d\u2019une dose th\u00e9rapeutique de ?<sub>2<\/sub>-agonistes.<\/p>\n<p>Le premier but \u00e9tait d\u2019\u00e9valuer si les ?<sub>2<\/sub>-agonistes exer\u00e7aient une potentialisation de la contractilit\u00e9 du muscle humain et\/ou un effet \u00ab\u00a0anti-fatigue\u00a0\u00bb comme observ\u00e9 dans le mod\u00e8le animal. Les r\u00e9sultats n\u2019ont fourni aucune \u00e9vidence d\u2019une potentialisation sur le muscle squelettique humain <em>in vivo<\/em> non-fatigu\u00e9 et fatigu\u00e9 induit par l\u2019administration orale de ?<sub>2<\/sub>-agonistes. Tout effet excitateur exerc\u00e9 par ce traitement sur le syst\u00e8me nerveux central a \u00e9t\u00e9 aussi exclu.<\/p>\n<p>Le deuxi\u00e8me but \u00e9tait de d\u00e9terminer si les ?<sub>2<\/sub>-agonistes affaiblissaient la contractilit\u00e9 du muscle squelettique humain \u00e0 contraction lente, et d\u2019\u00e9valuer si ce changement pouvait interf\u00e9rer avec le contr\u00f4le moteur au muscle. Les r\u00e9sultats ont montr\u00e9 que les ?<sub>2<\/sub>-agonistes affaiblissent la contractilit\u00e9 des fibres lentes, comme cons\u00e9quence de l\u2019effet lusitrope positif se produisant dans ces fibres. La capacit\u00e9 de d\u00e9velopper une force maximale n\u2019est pas r\u00e9duite par le traitement, m\u00eame si une augmentation de la commande centrale au muscle est requise pour produire la m\u00eame force lors de contractions sous-maximales.<\/p>\n<p>Le but final \u00e9tait d\u2019examiner si une adaptation du contr\u00f4le moteur \u00e9tait requis pour compenser l\u2019affaiblissement des fibres lentes exerc\u00e9e par les ?<sub>2<\/sub>-agonistes pendant un exercice volontaire, et de d\u00e9terminer si cette adaptation centrale pouvait accro\u00eetre la fatigue musculaire. Malgr\u00e9 le fait que les r\u00e9sultats confirment l\u2019effet affaiblissant induit par les ?<sub>2<\/sub>-agonistes, ce changement contractile n\u2019influence pas le contr\u00f4le moteur au muscle pendant les contractions sous-maximales de l\u2019exercice fatiguant, et n\u2019accro\u00eet pas le degr\u00e9 de fatigue.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>?2-Adrenergic agonists actions on the human skeletal muscle<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":163,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19451],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1674","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-theses"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"hitmag-landscape":false,"hitmag-featured":false,"hitmag-grid":false,"hitmag-list":false,"hitmag-thumbnail":false,"gform-image-choice-sm":false,"gform-image-choice-md":false,"gform-image-choice-lg":false,"mailpoet_newsletter_max":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"sschlat1","author_link":"https:\/\/wp.unil.ch\/esspace\/author\/sschlat1\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"?2-Adrenergic agonists actions on the human skeletal muscle","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.unil.ch\/esspace\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1674","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.unil.ch\/esspace\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.unil.ch\/esspace\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.unil.ch\/esspace\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/163"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.unil.ch\/esspace\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1674"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wp.unil.ch\/esspace\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1674\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.unil.ch\/esspace\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1674"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.unil.ch\/esspace\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1674"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.unil.ch\/esspace\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1674"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}